ABSTRACT
Background/Aims@#Endoscopic submucosal dissection is a widely used treatment for gastric epithelial neoplasms. Accurate delineation of the horizontal margins is necessary for the complete resection of gastric epithelial neoplasms. Recently, image-enhanced endoscopy has been used to evaluate horizontal margins of gastric epithelial neoplasms. The aim of this study was to investigate whether I-SCAN-optical enhancement (I-SCAN-OE) is superior to chromoendoscopy in evaluating the horizontal margin of gastric epithelial neoplasms. @*Methods@#This was a multicenter, prospective, and randomized trial. The participants were divided into two groups: I-SCAN-OE and chromoendoscopy. For both groups, we first evaluated the horizontal margins of early gastric cancer or high-grade dysplasia using white-light imaging, and then evaluated, the horizontal margins using I-SCAN-OE or chromoendoscopy. We devised a unique scoring method based on the pathological results obtained after endoscopic submucosal dissection to accurately evaluate the horizontal margins of gastric epithelial neoplasms. The delineation scores of both groups were compared, as were the ratios of positiveegative horizontal margins. @*Results@#In total, 124 patients were evaluated for gastric epithelial neoplasms, of whom 112 were enrolled in the study. A total of 112 patients participated in the study, and 56 were assigned to each group (1:1). There was no statistically significant difference in the delineation scores between the groups (chromoendoscopy, 7.80±1.94; I-SCAN-OE, 8.23±2.24; p=0.342). @*Conclusions@#I-SCAN-OE did not show superiority over chromoendoscopy in delineating horizontal margins of gastric epithelial neoplasms.
ABSTRACT
An intraosseous hemangioma of the frontal bone is typically removed via a coronal incision. This procedure, while effective, can be lengthy and may result in complications such as a prominent scar and hair loss. An alternative approach involves a direct incision in the forehead, which leaves a less noticeable scar and allows a quicker recovery. However, in this specific case, the patient declined both coronal surgery and surgery through a direct forehead incision due to cosmetic concerns. Therefore, we proposed an anterior hairline incision. A 35-year-old woman presented with a firm, non-mobile, palpable mass on her right forehead. Preoperative non-contrast computed tomography revealed a heterogeneous osteolytic lesion. We performed an excisional biopsy through the anterior hairline. Postoperative non-contrast computed tomography was conducted 2 and 6 months after surgery. The wound was clean and free of complications, and there was no local recurrence. Partial resection can reduce scarring for patients who are concerned about cosmetic outcomes. However, the potential for recurrence remains a significant concern. We present this case of an anterior hairline incision for a hemangioma located in the forehead, evaluated using serial computed tomography for both preoperative and postoperative imaging.
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The first edition of ‘A Standardized Pathology Report for Gastric Cancer’ was initiated by the Gastrointestinal Pathology Study Group of the Korean Society of Pathologists and published 17 years ago. Since then, significant advances have been made in the pathologic diagnosis, molecular genetics, and management of gastric cancer (GC). To reflect those changes, a committee for publishing a second edition of the report was formed within the Gastrointestinal Pathology Study Group of the Korean Society of Pathologists. This second edition consists of two parts: standard data elements and conditional data elements. The standard data elements contain the basic pathologic findings and items necessary to predict the prognosis of GC patients, and they are adequate for routine surgical pathology service. Other diagnostic and prognostic factors relevant to adjuvant therapy, including molecular biomarkers, are classified as conditional data elements to allow each pathologist to selectively choose items appropriate to the environment in their institution. We trust that the standardized pathology report will be helpful for GC diagnosis and facilitate large-scale multidisciplinary collaborative studies.
ABSTRACT
The first edition of ‘A Standardized Pathology Report for Gastric Cancer’ was initiated by the Gastrointestinal Pathology Study Group of the Korean Society of Pathologists and published 17 years ago. Since then, significant advances have been made in the pathologic diagnosis, molecular genetics, and management of gastric cancer (GC). To reflect those changes, a committee for publishing a second edition of the report was formed within the Gastrointestinal Pathology Study Group of the Korean Society of Pathologists. This second edition consists of two parts: standard data elements and conditional data elements.The standard data elements contain the basic pathologic findings and items necessary to predict the prognosis of GC patients, and they are adequate for routine surgical pathology service. Other diagnostic and prognostic factors relevant to adjuvant therapy, including molecular biomarkers, are classified as conditional data elements to allow each pathologist to selectively choose items appropriate to the environment in their institution. We trust that the standardized pathology report will be helpful for GC diagnosis and facilitate large-scale multidisciplinary collaborative studies.
ABSTRACT
Cerebral microangiopathy (CM) has become a common disease related to improved neuroimaging modalities and an increased life expectancy. Intracerebral tumor-like mass lesions have rarely been reported in cases of cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) in elderly patients. However, tumor-like mass lesions from CM without amyloid deposits have rarely been reported. These two angiopathies may have different pathogeneses and neuroimaging characteristics. Herein, we present the case of an 83-year-old man with CM mimicking a high-grade glioma. We described the possible pathogenesis and different neuroimaging features of CM compared to CAA.
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Biphenotypic sinonasal sarcoma (BSNS) is a newly recognized, very rare malignant tumor of nose and paranasal sinuses, which usually occurs in women. This tumor contains both neural and muscle tissue in the tumor tissue. It is an invasive disease occuring locally in the nasal cavity. However, if not found early, it can spread along the facial structure, for instance, the orbit, skull base, intracranium, and the oropharynx. This tumor is an uncommon disease that has not been reported in Korea to date. We report a case of a 35-year-old female recently diagnosed with BSNS with a review of the literature.
ABSTRACT
An inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a rare tumor that is currently classified as an intermediate cancer according to the World Health Organization classification system. The pathophysiology of its occurrence is still unknown. Imaging tests, such as CT or MRI, can be helpful in diagnosis, but the final diagnosis is confirmed by a pathological examination through a biopsy and immunohistochemistry stain. The patient, in this case, presented an asymptomatic intrahepatic mass discovered incidentally on an imaging examination. Initially, intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma was suspected, but she was finally diagnosed with IMT through a histological examination after a liver resection.
ABSTRACT
Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) is one of the most commonly used medications in global market, with a risk of intoxication in certain patients. However, monitoring blood drug concentration often requires frequent hospital visits; hence there is an unmet need to increase patientcentricity by conducting blood sampling at home. Volumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS) is a device that allows collection of homogenous and accurate volume of blood without venipuncture, and can be utilized by patients who are not in hospital settings; but because ASA is prone to hydrolysis and stabilizing reagents cannot be added to VAMS samples, a way to improve sample stability must be developed. The objective of this study was to identify the cause of instability with ASA samples collected by VAMS, and to evaluate ways to improve sample stability. A liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used for analysis of ASA concentration in whole blood. Samples collected with VAMS were kept under different drying conditions (desiccator, pressurized, nitrogen gas and household vacuum sealer) and were compared to the control samples collected by conventional venous sampling. The recovery of ASA was about 31% of the control when VAMS sample was dried at room temperature, whereas VAMS samples under humidity controlled conditions showed more than 85% of recovery. Our results suggest that adequate level of humidity control was critical to ensure sample stability of ASA, and this humidity control could also be achieved at home using household vacuum sealer, thus enabling patient-centric clinical trials to be conducted.
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Ectopic pancreas is defined as an abnormally located pancreatic tissue not sufficiently connected with the normal pancreas, which rarely occurs in neonates. To our knowledge, only a few cases of ectopic pancreas have been reported in newborns in South Korea. We report a case of ectopic pancreas as the cause of intussusception and jejunal atresia in a newborn. This clinical association is extremely rare, and this is the first report in South Korea.
ABSTRACT
Schwannoma is a benign solitary neoplasm emerging from the Schwann cells of the peripheral, cranial and autonomic nerves. Approximately 25 to 45% of schwannomas occur in the head and neck region. However, schwannoma in the subfrontal area, nasal cavity or paranasal sinus is very rare and accounts for only 4% of these neoplasms. We experienced a case of schwannoma in the subfrontal area and left nasal cavity in a 74-year-old man who complained of recurrent rhinorrhea. We report this unusual case of schwannoma with a review of the literature.
ABSTRACT
Ectopic pancreas is defined as an abnormally located pancreatic tissue not sufficiently connected with the normal pancreas, which rarely occurs in neonates. To our knowledge, only a few cases of ectopic pancreas have been reported in newborns in South Korea. We report a case of ectopic pancreas as the cause of intussusception and jejunal atresia in a newborn. This clinical association is extremely rare, and this is the first report in South Korea.
ABSTRACT
Schwannoma is a benign solitary neoplasm emerging from the Schwann cells of the peripheral, cranial and autonomic nerves. Approximately 25 to 45% of schwannomas occur in the head and neck region. However, schwannoma in the subfrontal area, nasal cavity or paranasal sinus is very rare and accounts for only 4% of these neoplasms. We experienced a case of schwannoma in the subfrontal area and left nasal cavity in a 74-year-old man who complained of recurrent rhinorrhea. We report this unusual case of schwannoma with a review of the literature.
ABSTRACT
Mycosis fungoides is the most common type of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Patients with early stage disease usually respond well to conventional therapies, with a relatively favorable prognosis. However, a few patients are refractory to treatment and need alternative strategies, even at the patch and plaque stages. We report the case of a middle-aged woman with long-standing and refractory mycosis fungoides that responded to combination therapy with the 308-nm excimer laser and oral alitretinoin.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Lasers, Excimer , Lymphoma, T-Cell, Cutaneous , Mycosis Fungoides , Phototherapy , PrognosisABSTRACT
The reason why the author withdraw the paper is a controversy on intellectual property rights between JIBiopharm Inc. and Hoseo University.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Over the past 10 years, monopolar radiofrequency (MRF) technology has been widely used by dermatologists as a valuable modality to effectively tighten and rejuvenate photoaged skin. It also has the benefit of a short recovery time. OBJECTIVE: Using an objective parameter, this study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of MRF, which is the basic modality of radiofrequency technologies, for treatment of periorbital wrinkles in Korean patients. METHODS: We enrolled 70 middle-aged female patients with periorbital wrinkles for this study. Each patient underwent triple sessions of MRF treatment in the periorbital region, separated by 2-week intervals. Clinical photographs were obtained, and the areas of wrinkles were measured using a Robo Skin Analyzer CS50 (Inforward Inc., Japan) at baseline and 4 weeks after the final treatment session. RESULTS: Significant reduction in the mean area of periorbital wrinkles was detected at 1-month follow-up (80.64±28.96 mm2) compared to baseline (95.08±31.93 mm2). The improvement ratio of the wrinkle area was 15.19%. Pain during procedure seemed to be tolerable without any local anesthesia for all patients. Transient mild erythema was the only side effect reported during the study. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, MRF could still be an attractive modality for Korean patients with periorbital wrinkles if the treatment is conducted repeatedly with sufficient energy and proper intervals.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Anesthesia, Local , Erythema , Follow-Up Studies , SkinABSTRACT
In the Materials and Methods section, material supply source is incorrectly cited and has been changed upon request of authors.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: The management of benign intraductal papilloma (IDP) without atypia diagnosed on core needle biopsy (CNB) remains controversial. This study was performed to evaluate the rate of upgrading to malignancy or high-risk lesions after excision and to identify factors associated with upgrading using a large series of benign IDP cases without atypia. METHODS: We included patients who were diagnosed as having benign IDP without atypia on CNB and underwent surgical or vacuum-assisted excision between 2010 and 2015. We analyzed the clinical, radiologic, and histopathologic features of IDPs that were upgraded to malignancy or high-risk lesions after excision. RESULTS: A total of 511 benign IDPs without atypia diagnosed via CNB were identified, of which 398 cases were treated with excision. After reviewing these cases, four cases of high-risk lesions in adjacent tissue on CNB, two cases which were revealed as papilloma with atypia, and nine cases of malignancy in the same breast were excluded. In the remaining 383 cases, the rate of upgrading to malignancy and high-risk lesions after excision was 0.8% and 4.4%, respectively. The presence of concurrent contralateral breast cancer, the presence of symptoms, and multifocality were factors significantly associated with upgrading to malignancy on subsequent excision. Surgical excision rather than vacuum-assisted excision was significantly associated with upgrading to high-risk lesions or malignancy. CONCLUSION: The rate of upgrading to malignancy for benign IDP without atypia was very low, suggesting that close clinical and radiologic observation may be sufficient for patients with benign IDP without atypia on CNB under proper settings.
Subject(s)
Humans , Biopsy, Large-Core Needle , Breast , Breast Neoplasms , Papilloma , Papilloma, IntraductalABSTRACT
This study was performed to investigate the effect of a concentrate of fermented wild ginseng root culture (HLJG0701) on memory improvement in the scopolamine (SPL)-induced memory-deficient mouse model. Eight-week-old male ICR mice were used to evaluate the protective effect of HLJG0701 against the SPL-induced memory loss animal model. The Morris water maze test, which measures hippocampus-dependent learning ability, and the Y-maze test, a short-term memory assessment test, were performed and related markers were analyzed. HLJG0701-treated groups displayed significantly reduced acetylcholinesterase activity and increased acetylcholine level compared with the SPL-administered group (SPL-G) (P < 0.05). In the Y-maze test, the spontaneous alternation in al HLJG0711-treated groups was significantly increased compared with that in SPL-G (P < 0.05). In the Morris water maze test, the escape latency and time spent in the target quadrant in all HLJG0701-treated groups were significantly decreased and increased, respectively, compared with those in SPL-G (P < 0.05). In addition, the brain-derived neurotrophic factor level in groups treated with HLJG0701 300 and 600 mg/kg body weight was significantly increased compared with that in SPL-G (P < 0.05). These results suggest that the HLJG0701 may protect against memory loss by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase activity and preventing acetylcholine deficiency.
Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Male , Mice , Acetylcholine , Acetylcholinesterase , Body Weight , Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor , Ginsenosides , Learning , Memory Disorders , Memory , Memory, Short-Term , Mice, Inbred ICR , Models, Animal , Panax , Scopolamine , United Nations , WaterABSTRACT
Volumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS) is a novel sampling technique that allows for the collection of an accurate volume of blood by dipping a microsampler tip. The purpose of this study is to compare the requirement of a stabilizing reagent for the conventional venous blood sampling method versus VAMS in the analytical measurement of the concentration of acetylsalicylic acid. A high-performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed and validated for the accurate determination of acetylsalicylic acid in human blood. The blood samples spiked with acetylsalicylic acid with and without stabilizing reagent were absorbed into VAMS tips. In the whole blood sample, the same concentration was shown regardless of the addition of the stabilizing reagent, but the concentration decreased when the stabilizing reagent was not added to the VAMS sample. To apply the VAMS technology as a new blood sampling method, stabilizing reagents should be added before the analysis of acetylsalicylic acid concentration.
Subject(s)
Humans , Aspirin , Chromatography, Liquid , Indicators and Reagents , Mass Spectrometry , MethodsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Although surgical resection with chemotherapy is considered effective for patients with advanced gastric cancer, it remains the third leading cause of cancer-related death in South Korea. Several studies have reported that mesothelial markers including mesothelin, calretinin, and Wilms tumor protein 1 (WT1) were positive in variable carcinomas, associated with prognosis, and were evaluated as potential markers for targeted therapy. The aim of this study was to assess the immunohistochemical expression of mesothelial markers (mesothelin, calretinin, and WT1) in gastric adenocarcinoma and their relations to clinocopathological features and prognosis. METHODS: We evaluated calretinin, WT1, and mesothelin expression by immunohistochemical staining in 117 gastric adenocarcinomas. RESULTS: Mesothelin was positively stained in 30 cases (25.6%). Mesothelin expression was related to increased depth of invasion (p = .002), lymph node metastasis (p = .013), and presence of lymphovascular (p = .015) and perineural invasion (p = .004). Patients with mesothelin expression had significantly worse disease-free survival rate compared with that of nonmesothelin expression group (p = .024). Univariate analysis showed that mesothelin expression is related to short-term survival. None of the 117 gastric adenocarcinomas stained for calretinin or WT1. CONCLUSIONS: Mesothelin expression was associated with poor prognosis. Our results suggest that mesothelin-targeted therapy should be considered as an important therapeutic alternative for gastric adenocarcinoma patients with mesothelin expression.